A kingdom that has once been destroyed can never come again into being; nor can the dead ever be brought back to life.
The quality of decision is like the well-timed swoop of a falcon which enables it to strike and destroy its victim.
So the important thing in a military operation is victory, not persistence.
What enables the wise sovereign and the good general to strike and conquer, and achieve things beyond the reach of ordinary men, is foreknowledge.
You can ensure the success of your attacks if you only attack places that are undefended. You can ensure the safety of your defense if you only hold positions that cannot be attacked. Therefore, that general is skillful in attack whose opponent does not know what to defend; and he is skillful in defense whose opponent does not know what to attack.
The general who wins the battle makes many calculations in his temple before the battle is fought. The general who loses makes but few calculations beforehand.
Know the enemy and know yourself; in a hundred battles you will never peril.
Defeat the enemies strategy.
In peace prepare for war, in war prepare for peace. The art of war is of vital importance to the state. It is matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence under no circumstances can it be neglected.
The dance of battle is always played to the same impatient rhythm. What begins in a surge of violent motion is always reduced to the perfectly still.
Without harmony in the State, no military expedition can be undertaken; without harmony in the army, no battle array can be formed.
He who is not sage and wise, humane and just, cannot use secret agent.s. And he who is not delicate and subtle cannot get the truth out of them.
The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat, and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy.
Too frequent rewards indicate that the general is at the end of his resources; too frequent punishments that he is in acute distress.
This does not mean that the enemy is to be allowed to escape. The object is to make him believe that there is a road to safety, and thus prevent his fighting with the courage of despair. After that, you may crush him.
In the practical art of war, the best thing of all is to take the enemy's country whole and intact; to shatter and destroy it is not so good.
When the position is such that neither side will gain by making the first move, it is called temporising ground.
It is through the dispositions of an army that its condition may be discovered. Conceal your dispositions, and your condition will remain secret, which leads to victory,; show your dispositions, and your condition will become patent, which leads to defeat.
Appear at points which the enemy must hasten to defend; march swiftly to places where you are not expected.
To persuade your enemy to (retreat) before the fight is to defeat them even before the battle begins. An enemy made ally is no longer an enemy.
It is a doctrine of war not to assume the enemy will not come, but rather to rely on one's readiness to meet him; not to presume that he will not attack, but rather to make one's self invincible.
Should one ask: 'how do I cope with a well-ordered enemy host about to attack me?' I reply: seize something he cherishes and he will conform to your desires.
As water shapes its flow in accordance with the ground, so an army manages its victory in accordance with the situation of the enemy.
The art of giving orders is not to try to rectify the minor blunders and not be swayed by petty doubts.
Carefully compare the opposing army with your own, so that you may know where strength is superabundant and where it is deficient.
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