People’s beliefs about their abilities have a profound effect on those abilities.
People regulate their level and distribution of effort in accordance with the effects they expect their actions to have. As a result, their behavior is better predicted from their beliefs than from the actual consequences of their actions
It is widely assumed that beliefs in personal determination of outcomes create a sense of efficacy and power, whereas beliefs that outcomes occur regardless of what one does result in apathy
In any given instance, behavior can be predicted best by considering both self-efficacy and outcome beliefs . . . different patterns of self-efficacy and outcome beliefs are likely to produce different psychological effects
The effects of outcome expectancies on performance motivation are partly governed by self-beliefs of efficacy
Expected outcomes contribute to motivation independently of self-efficacy beliefs when outcomes are not completely controlled by quality of performance. This occurs when extraneous factors also affect outcomes, or outcomes are socially tied to a minimum level of performance so that some variations in quality of performance above and below the standard do not produce differential outcomes
Perceived self-efficacy and beliefs about the locus of outcome causality must be distinguished
Gaining insight into one's underlying motives, it seems, is more like a belief conversion than a self-discovery process
When experience contradicts firmly held judgments of self-efficacy, people may not change their beliefs about themselves if the conditions of performance are such as to lead them to discount the import of the experience
Forceful actions arising from erroneous beliefs often create social effects that confirm the misbeliefs
Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to organize and execute the sources of action required to manage prospective situations.
Self-belief does not necessarily ensure success, but self-disbelief assuredly spawns failure.
Self-efficacy beliefs differ from outcome expectations, judgments of the likely consequence [that] behavior will produce.
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