Ernest Sosa Quotes - Page 2

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• Through our perceptual systems, we represent our surroundings, aiming to do so accurately, where the aiming is functional or teleological, rather than intentional. And the same goes for our functional beliefs. Through our judgments, however, we do intentionally, even consciously, attempt to get it right.

  Ernest Sosa

  Belief, Judgment, Surroundings

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Any defense of common sense must allow that it is revisable.

  Ernest Sosa

  Common Sense, Defense, Common

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• When we speak of ordinary unqualified knowledge, my thought is that we are implicitly relativizing to the standards imposed by our evolution-derived humanity. These are standards that determine when we consider it appropriate to store beliefs just as a human being, rather than in one's capacity as an expert of one or another sort. Such stored beliefs are to be available for later use in one's own thought or in testimony to others.

  Ernest Sosa

  Humanity, Ordinary, Experts

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• We need some standard that will determine how likely a belief is to be true given just that it is stored in one of us, including strangers that one can ask for directions, and with whom one might collaborate.

  Ernest Sosa

  Needs, Might, Belief

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Ultimately, my more significant agreement is with a virtue tradition that features Aristotle and Descartes.

  Ernest Sosa

  Agreement, Tradition, Virtue

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• The data on which philosophical theorizing is based are rather the intuited contents themselves, concerning the various thought experiments. At least that is so outside the epistemology of the a priori.

  Ernest Sosa

  Philosophical, Data, Epistemology

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Knowledge in my view is a form of action. It involves endeavors to get it right, and more broadly it concerns aimings, which can be functional rather than intentional.

  Ernest Sosa

  Views, Action, Form

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• In competitive archery, risk assessment has minimal bearing on quality of performance, since the archer has so little choice over shot selection. By contrast, in a hunt, shots vary in quality according to how well selected they may be.

  Ernest Sosa

  Archer, Assessment, Choices

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Attempts are found in domains of human performance, such as sports, games, artistic domains, professional domains like medicine and the law, and so on. These feature distinctive aims, and corresponding competences. Archery, with its distinctive arrows and targets, divides into subdomains. Thus, competitive archery differs importantly from archery hunting.

  Ernest Sosa

  Sports, Hunting, Archery

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Success is better than failure; an attempt is a better attempt, it is better as an attempt, if competent than if incompetent; and it is better to succeed through competence - aptly - than through sheer luck.

  Ernest Sosa

  Luck, Succeed, Competence

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• In my view (animal) knowledge is apt belief, where not only the belief (its existence and content) but also its correctness is creditable to the subject's competence.

  Ernest Sosa

  Animal, Views, Belief

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Animal knowledge is metaphysically constituted by apt belief, by belief whose correctness manifests the believer's epistemic competence, a relevant disposition to get it right on the matter at hand when one tries to do so.

  Ernest Sosa

  Animal, Hands, Trying

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Lowered reliability obviously yields a lesser competence. But lowered breadth does so as well.

  Ernest Sosa

  Yield, Doe, Reliability

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• It is possible to produce something that is grammatical either by chance or under the supervision of another. To be proficient in grammar, then, one must both produce what is grammatical and produce it grammatically, that is, in accord with knowledge of grammar in oneself.

  Ernest Sosa

  Chance, Produce, Grammar

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Since human good is what humans ought to pursue, the pursuit of interest to Aristotle is then such activity of soul, that which constitutes human good, namely activity that attains desiderata, where the attainment is in accord with virtue.

  Ernest Sosa

  Soul, Virtue, Pursuit

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• If we have a better understanding of knowledge than we do of such justification or competence, then we can explain the latter through the former.

  Ernest Sosa

  Understanding, Latter, Justification

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• We can pursue the Cartesian project without restricting ourselves to theology and a priori faculties. A better, broader perspective is properly sought if we pursue the project with reliance on science broadly and on our full span of epistemic competences, including the empirical as well as the a priori.

  Ernest Sosa

  Perspective, Projects, Faculty

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• In order to qualify as a judgment, an affirmation must aim at getting it right aptly, through competence, and not just through a lucky guess.

  Ernest Sosa

  Order, Lucky, Affirmation

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• Judgment is affirmation with the intention to thereby affirm competently enough, and indeed aptly. That distinguishes judgments from mere guesses.

  Ernest Sosa

  Affirmation, Judgment, Enough

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• We must distinguish judging from guessing.

  Ernest Sosa

  Judging, Guessing

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• When you dream, your perceptual (and other) competence is affected. You are then unable to get it right competently with the beliefs in your dream.

  Ernest Sosa

  Dream, Belief, Competence

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• If the agent aims to make the attempt if and only if it would be apt, then a distinctive element of risk assessment becomes relevant: How probably would the agent succeed in attempting that fuller end?

  Ernest Sosa

  Ifs And, Assessment, Risk

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• The correctness of much testimonially based belief is no more than minimally creditable to the believer.

  Ernest Sosa

  Belief, Believer, Correctness

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• The concept of intuition is more often used in philosophical theorizing than is the concept of observation in scientific theorizing (proportionately). One reason is that there is (proportionately) more ostensible conflict of philosophical intuitions than there is ostensible conflict of scientific observations. So much for the use of a concept of intuition in philosophical theorizing.

  Ernest Sosa

  Philosophical, Intuition, Use

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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• When I accept someone's testimony, I am thus only a small part of the full seat of epistemic competence, which might include many others in a long chain. My own contribution might then be slight, just through the perceptual and linguistic competence involved in knowing what someone is saying or writing, etc.

  Ernest Sosa

  Writing, Knowing, Long

  Source: www.3ammagazine.com

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